{"id":6035,"date":"2017-11-23T00:10:56","date_gmt":"2017-11-23T04:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.co\/?p=6035"},"modified":"2017-11-23T00:10:56","modified_gmt":"2017-11-23T04:10:56","slug":"imam-nafi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/?p=6035","title":{"rendered":"Im\u0101m N\u0101fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0632\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u0631\u06dd \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0631\u06dd<\/span>
\n“Surely those who recite the Book of All\u0101h, establish \u1e63al\u0101h<\/em>, and spend from what We provided them secretly and openly, hope for a trade that will not perish. So that He gives them their reward in full, and increases them out of His bounty; indeed, He is Forgiving, Grateful.”<\/span>
\n(S\u016brah<\/em> F\u0101\u1e6dir<\/em>, \u0100yah<\/em>: 29-30)
\n
\n\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647
\n<\/span>“The best amongst you are those who learn the Qur’\u0101n and teach it.”
\n<\/span>(\u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b<\/em> #:5027)<\/span><\/p>\n

The First Qur’\u0101n Teachers<\/strong><\/p>\n

In every generation of this ummah<\/em> there has been a group of people who are well-known due to their memorization and teaching of the Qur’\u0101n: amongst the companions there was c<\/sup>Uthm\u0101n, c<\/sup>Al\u012b, Ubay ibn Kac<\/sup>b, Zayd ibn Th\u0101bit, Ibn Masc<\/sup>\u016bd, Ab\u016b Dard\u0101, Ab\u016b M\u016bs\u0101 al-Ashc<\/sup>ar\u012b, and all those whom c<\/sup>Uthm\u0101n sent out with a mu\u1e63\u1e25af<\/em> to the different lands of Isl\u0101m;<\/p>\n

Amongst the Tabic<\/sup>\u012bn, there were Ibn al-Musayyib, c<\/sup>Urwah, S\u0101lim, c<\/sup>Umar ibn Abdul-c<\/sup>Az\u012bz, Sulaym\u0101n ibn Yas\u0101r, his brother, c<\/sup>A\u1e6d\u0101, Zayd ibn Aslam, Muslim ibn Jundab, Ibn Shih\u0101b al-Zuhr\u012b, Abdur-Ra\u1e25m\u0101n ibn Hurmuz, Muc<\/sup>\u0101dh ibn al-\u1e24\u0101rith (famously known as Muc<\/sup>\u0101dh al-Q\u0101r\u012b), all of whom were in Madinah;<\/p>\n

c<\/sup>A\u1e6d\u0101 ibn Ab\u012b Rab\u0101\u1e25, Muj\u0101hid, Ibn Ab\u012b Mulaykah, c<\/sup>Ubayd ibn c<\/sup>Umayr, etc. in Makkah;<\/p>\n

c<\/sup>\u0100mir ibn Abdul-Qays, Ab\u016b al-c<\/sup>\u0100liyah, Ab\u016b Raj\u0101’, Na\u1e63r ibn c<\/sup>\u0100\u1e63im, Ya\u1e25y\u0101 ibn Yac<\/sup>mar, J\u0101bir ibn Zayd, al-\u1e24asan, Ibn S\u012br\u012bn, Qat\u0101dah, etc. in Ba\u1e63r\u0101;<\/p>\n

c<\/sup>Alqamah, al-Aswad, c<\/sup>Ubaydah, al-Rab\u012bc<\/sup> ibn Khaytham, al-\u1e24\u0101rith ibn Qays, c<\/sup>Umar ibn Shura\u1e25b\u012bl, c<\/sup>Amr ibn Maym\u016bn, Zirr ibn \u1e24ubaysh, c<\/sup>Ubayd ibn Na\u1e0dlah, Ab\u016b Zurc<\/sup>ah ibn c<\/sup>Amr, Sac<\/sup>\u012byd ibn Jubayr, and al-Nakhac<\/sup>\u012b\u00a0in K\u016bfah;<\/p>\n

al-Mugh\u012brah ibn Ab\u012b Shih\u0101b al-Makhz\u016bm\u012b, student of\u00a0c<\/sup>Uthm\u0101n, and Khulayd ibn Sac<\/sup>\u012bd\/Sac<\/sup>d, student of Ab\u016b Dard\u0101, to name just a few of those in Sh\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Later on, some people devoted themselves solely to the science of recitation, mastering and taking great interest in it.<\/p>\n

In Mad\u012bnah there was Ab\u016b Jac<\/sup>far Yaz\u012bd ibn al-Qac<\/sup>q\u0101c<\/sup>, then Shaybah ibn Ni\u1e63\u0101\u1e25, followed by N\u0101fic<\/sup> ibn Ab\u012b Nuc<\/sup>aym<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Abdull\u0101h ibn Kath\u012br<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0\u1e24umayd ibn Qays al-A<\/span>c<\/span>raj<\/span>\u00a0were in Makkah.<\/span><\/p>\n

In K\u016bfah you had\u00a0c<\/sup>\u0100\u1e63im ibn Ab\u012b al-Nuj\u016bd<\/strong>, Sulaym\u0101n al-Ac<\/sup>mash, then \u1e24amzah<\/strong>, followed by al-Kis\u0101’\u012b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In Ba\u1e63r\u0101 there was Abdull\u0101h ibn Ab\u012b Is\u1e25\u0101q, c<\/sup>\u012as\u0101 ibn c<\/sup>Amr, Ab\u016b c<\/sup>Amr ibn al-c<\/sup>Al\u0101’<\/strong>, c<\/sup>\u0100\u1e63im al-Ja\u1e25dar\u012b, and later Yac<\/sup>q\u016bb al-\u1e24a\u1e0dram\u012b.<\/p>\n

In Sh\u0101m there was Abdull\u0101h ibn c<\/sup>\u0100mir<\/strong>, c<\/sup>A\u1e6diyyah ibn Qays al-Kil\u0101b\u012b, Ism\u0101c<\/sup>\u012bl ibn Abdull\u0101h ibn al-Muh\u0101jir, and later on Ya\u1e25y\u0101 al-Dhim\u0101r\u012b, then Shuray\u1e25 ibn Yaz\u012bd al-\u1e24a\u1e0dram\u012b.<\/p>\n

Amongst the firmament of these qurr\u0101h <\/em>(sing. q\u0101r\u012b; <\/em>lit. someone who recites)<\/em>, a number of stars stood out, becoming so proficient in recitation and vocalization that they became Im\u0101ms in this field whom people traveled towards and studied under.<\/p>\n

The Qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t & the Qurr\u0101h<\/strong><\/p>\n

The word \u201cqir\u0101\u2019\u0101t<\/strong>\u201d <\/i>(\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a)\u00a0<\/i>is the plural of \u201cqir\u0101\u2019ah<\/strong>\u201d <\/i>(\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629; lit. reading) which is the infinitive, or verbal noun, of\u00a0qara\u2019a<\/em> (\u0642\u0631\u0623; lit. he read\/recited) yaqra\u2019u<\/em> (\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623; lit. he is reading\/reciting\/will read\/recite). Technically it refers to a method of uttering the Qur\u2019\u0101n used by an Im\u0101m<\/strong> among the qurr\u0101h<\/i>\u00a0that has been established with a chain of transmission from the Prophet<\/em>, and this method is such that it is not the same as other methods of uttering the Qur\u2019\u0101n.<\/p>\n

After some time, expressions conveying the number of qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t<\/em><\/strong> (\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a) became famous, so people would say, “The Seven Qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t,” or, “The Ten Qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t,” or, “The Fourteen Qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t.”<\/p>\n

The most favored of all in fame and renown were the Seven Qir\u0101\u2019\u0101t, which are the recitations attributed to the seven well-known Im\u0101ms:<\/p>\n