{"id":3829,"date":"2015-07-27T13:05:48","date_gmt":"2015-07-27T17:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/?p=3829"},"modified":"2015-07-27T13:05:48","modified_gmt":"2015-07-27T17:05:48","slug":"tawakkul-laziness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/?p=3829","title":{"rendered":"The \u1e6cawakkul of Birds"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

An Outstanding Model<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the book, D\u012bw\u0101n \u1e24ass\u0101n ibn Th\u0101bi\u1e6d<\/i>, it is mentioned that the \u1e63a\u1e25\u0101bi<\/i>, \u1e24ass\u0101n ibn Th\u0101bi\u1e6d (May All\u0101h be pleased with him), once praised our Prophet \ufdfa in the following words:<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u0648\u064e \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0642\u064e\u0637\u0651 \u0639\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0648\u064e \u0623\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f
\n<\/span><\/b><\/span>\u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

My eyes have never seen anyone handsomer than you<\/span><\/p>\n

Nor has any woman given birth to someone more beautiful than you<\/p>\n

You were created free from every defect<\/span><\/p>\n

As though you were created the way you wanted<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

All\u0101h Most High says about him (May the best of peace and blessings be upon him, his family, companions and followers):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0650\u0647 \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0629\u064e\u064e \u062d\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cYou have the best example in the Messenger of All\u0101h.\u201d<\/p>\n

This individual who was the greatest of creation, the one with the most \u1e6daqw\u0101 and \u1e6dawakkul,<\/i> sold the dates of Ban\u016b Nadh\u012br and stored a years worth of provision for his family. When he \ufdfa died, his armor was being held as collateral for barley which he had gotten as provision for his family<\/span>. He \ufdfa once said:
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u0632\u0642\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0627\u0635\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cIf you all put your reliance in All\u0101h as you ought to, you will be given sustenance like the birds. They go out in the morning hungry and return in the evening with full bellies.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

This \u1e25adith<\/i> is not to prevent one from earning a living because \u1e6dawakkul<\/i> is something that resides in the heart [\u2026] rather it is to alert one to\u00a0the fact that effort is not the sustainer. All\u0101h [alone] is the Sustainer.<\/p>\n

One should know with certainty that there is no doer in existence except All\u0101h, and that all of the creations and sustenance that exist, anything that is given or withheld, harm and benefit, poverty and riches, sickness and health, death and life, in short everything that exists is from All\u0101h. Then, after knowing this, one should make effort in a beautiful manner and All\u0101h will sustain them like He does the birds \u201cwho go out seeking provisions and come back with full bellies\u201d<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n


\nAll\u0101h, Pure is He from every imperfection, mentioned in the Qur\u0101n:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAnd put your trust in the Ever-Living Who will not die,\u201d<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

and<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWhoever puts their trust in All\u0101h, then He is enough for him.\u201d<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

The Andalusian scholar, Im\u0101m Qurtub\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), a master of Qur\u0101nic exegesis and an ascetic, described \u1e6dawakkul<\/i> as being: \u201c\u2026the heart\u2019s reliance on All\u0101h to put its affairs in order and bring together what it needs, then utilizing the means because it is what was commanded by All\u0101h.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

We generally assume that \u1e6dawakkul<\/i> (relying on All\u0101h) means not to utilize material means or make effort. The past scholars have refuted this view using very strong words.<\/p>\n

Strong words of past scholars<\/b>
\nIn Mirq\u0101t al-Maf\u0101\u1e6d\u012b\u1e25, <\/i>Mull\u0101 Ali al-Q\u0101ri (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) quotes the following from Sheikh Ab\u016b \u1e24\u0101mid (May All\u0101h have mercy on him):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSome people think that \u1e6dawakkul<\/i> means to abandon earning a livelihood and planning, and to drop down on the earth like a flung cloth or piece of meat on the butcher\u2019s block. This is the assumption of ignoramuses<\/b>, because that is \u1e25ar\u0101m<\/i><\/b> in the shariah <\/i>whereas the people of \u1e6dawakkul <\/i>have been praised by it. <\/i>How can one achieve any lofty status in D\u012bn <\/i>by means of what it has prohibited?<\/p>\n

We will disclose the truth of this. The fruits of \u1e6dawakkul <\/i>only become evident in the movement and striving of the slave to reach their objectives.\u201d
\n
\nIm\u0101m Qurtub\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) relates a discussion between himself and another individual in his \u1e6dafs\u012br<\/i> book. The individual had made the claim that the prophets were only sent to prescribe the usage of means for the people who were weak. This is Im\u0101m Qurtub\u012b\u2019s response:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis statement could only emanate from a complete ignoramus, a mob of fools, or someone who is challenging<\/b> the book of All\u0101h and the sunnah, when All\u0101h, Most High has informed us in His book about His pure ones, messengers and prophets [upon whom be peace and blessings] that they used to use worldly means and have professions.\u201d
\n<\/span>
\nAll\u0101mah Mun\u0101w\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) writes in his commentary on Jal\u0101ludd\u012bn al-Suy\u016bt\u012b\u2019s J\u0101mi al-Sagh\u012br:<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026A man\u2019s sitting free of any occupation, or busying himself with that which does not concern him is due to foolishness, lack of good sense, and being overcome by heedlessness.<\/p>\n

Ibn Mihr\u0101n used to encourage his companions to earn a living, saying to them, \u2018Acquire your provisions, then secure your houses.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n

Once they said to him, \u2018There are some people who say: We will sit in our houses until our rizq <\/i>comes to us.\u2019<\/p>\n

He responded, \u2018These are people who are fools<\/b>. This is only correct for that individual who has yaq\u012bn like that of [Prophet] Ibr\u0101h\u012bm.\u2019\u201d
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Im\u0101m Ibn Rajab al-\u1e24anbali writes in his \u1e6dafs\u012br <\/i>that al-Khall\u0101l reports through a chain of narrators connecting him to Fudhail ibn \u2018Iy\u0101dh that Fudhail said, \u201cThe Prophet \ufdfa, Ab\u016b Bakr, and Umar did not say, \u2018We will sit until All\u0101h gives us sustenance,\u2019 and All\u0101h, Mighty and Exalted is He, said:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Seek from the bounty of All\u0101h.\u2019<\/p>\n

[Therefore,] one must<\/b> seek a livelihood.\u201d
\n<\/span>
\nIm\u0101m Ibn al-Jawzi (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) wrote the following in his book The Devil\u2019s Deception<\/i>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThey wouldn’t have said this had they understood that the meaning of \u1e6dawakkul<\/i>\u00a0 is the heart’s reliance on All\u0101h, Most exalted, not the expulsion of wealth. But their comprehension\u00a0is little. The leaders amongst\u00a0the Companions and the Tabi\u2019\u012bn had businesses, collected wealth, and none of them said anything like this.<\/p>\n

We already mentioned that when Ab\u016b Bakr al-\u1e62idd\u012bq was ordered to abandon earning a living because of his occupation with the Khalifah he asked, \u2018How are my dependents going to be fed?\u2019\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

The Prophet\u2019s \ufdfa directive<\/strong><\/p>\n

A companion once came to the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa and asked him if he should tie his camel and put his trust in All\u0101h, or leave it untied and put his trust in All\u0101h. <\/span><\/p>\n

One may liken this to the modern example of an individual parking their car on a steep incline and wondering whether they should put their trust in All\u0101h and engage the hand brake to prevent the car from rolling away or put their trust in All\u0101h and leave the car as it is.<\/span><\/p>\n

In any case, the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa replied:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u0642\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cTie it and put your trust in All\u0101h.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

This \u1e25ad\u012bth<\/i> clearly shows that utilizing the means, in this case tying the camel up so it couldn\u2019t get away, is not contrary to \u1e6dawakkul<\/i>. In fact, Ibn Rajab al-\u1e24anbal\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) writes<\/span> that one must seek help through the means, especially those who have dependents who cannot be patient. Furthermore, the Prophet \ufdfa has directed us to seek our sustenance through lawful means:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cHave the \u1e6daqw\u0101<\/i> of All\u0101h and go about seeking [your sustenance] in a beautiful manner.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Im\u0101m Tiybi explains that it means to [obtain] wealth in a beautiful manner by seeking it in a way [condoned] by the shari\u2019ah.<\/i> He further mentions that when one seeks one\u2019s sustenance in a manner that is contrary to the shari\u2019ah then [that sustenance] is dubbed as\u00a0\u1e25ar\u0101m<\/i>, but when it is done in accordance with the shari\u2019ah <\/i>it is labeled\u00a0\u1e25al\u0101l<\/i>.<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

The sunnah<\/i> of the Prophets (Peace be upon them)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

The Prophet \ufdfa said:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0637 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNo one ever ate any food that was better than [that gotten] from his own efforts. Indeed, the prophet of All\u0101h, Dawud (Peace be upon him), used to eat from the work of his own hands.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The statement \u201cDawud (Peace be upon him) used to\u201d is emphatic encouragement to earn a \u1e25al\u0101l <\/i>living. This is the sunnah<\/i> of the prophets. Dawud (peace be upon him) used to make armor and sell it to get provisions, so follow his way.
\n<\/span>
\nIm\u0101m Ibn \u1e24ajar<\/span> (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) writes:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe prophet Dawud (Peace be upon him) is specifically mentioned because he didn\u2019t confine himself to eating from his own efforts due to any need. He was, as All\u0101h mentions, a vicegerent in the earth. The only reason for this was his choosing the superior course<\/span>, and this is why the prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) used his story as proof for what he had said about the best livelihood being from one\u2019s own efforts.<\/span><\/p>\n

Furthermore, it is established that the divine law of those who preceded us is also our law, especially when our divine law has praised it and considered it something good.[1] In addition to this there is the general nature of the statement of All\u0101h:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0647\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0650\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2026so be led by their guidance,\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n


\nAnd finally, this \u1e25ad\u012bth <\/i>shows that earning a living does not detract from one\u2019s \u1e6dawakkul.<\/i>\u201d[2]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

\n

Notes:
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

[1] As is mentioned in Fa\u1e6daw\u0101 Sh\u0101m\u012b<\/i>: The Divine Law of those before us is our Divine Law when Allah, Most High, and His Messenger have mentioned it without any dislike, nor has its abrogation been made apparent. [See: Rad al-Mukh\u1e6d\u0101r \u2018Al\u0101 al-Dur al-Mukh\u1e6d\u0101r. D\u0101r al-Ku\u1e6dub al-\u02bcIlmiyyah. 1:199] Take for example the incident of Adam\u2019s (Peace be upon him) sons. The law mentioned at the end of the incident still stands in our Shari\u2019ah: Murdering one is like murdering all.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]\u00a0This is not a literal translation, but the gist of what was written.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\n


\n<\/i>Bibliography:
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u012bw\u0101n \u1e24ass\u0101n ibn Th\u0101bi\u1e6d. Electronic. Page: 21
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Sunan \u1e6cirmidh\u012b<\/i>. Qad\u012bm\u012b kutub Kh\u0101nah. 1:230
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Sunan \u1e6cirmidh\u012b<\/i>. D\u0101r al-Gharb al-Isl\u0101m\u012b. 4:166.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Mirq\u0101t al-Maf\u0101t\u012b\u1e25<\/i>. D\u0101r al-Ku\u1e6dub al-\u02bcIlmiyyah. 9:485
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibid.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1e62\u016brah Furq\u0101n, \u0100yah: 58
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1e62\u016brah Tal\u0101q, \u0100yah: 3
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

al-J\u0101m\u012b\u2019 Li Ahk\u0101m al-Qur\u0101n. D\u0101r \u02bc\u0100lim al-Ku\u1e6dub. 13:16<\/span><\/p>\n

al-J\u0101m\u012b\u2019 Li Ahk\u0101m al-Qur\u0101n. D\u0101r \u02bc\u0100lim al-Ku\u1e6dub. 13:14
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Faidh al-Qad\u012br. D\u0101r al-Ma\u02bcrifah. 2:290
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u016brah Al-Jum\u2019ah, \u0100yah: 10
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1e6cafs\u012br Ibn Rajab al-\u1e24anbal\u012b.\u00a0D\u0101r al-‘\u0100\u1e63imah.\u00a01:149<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1e6calb\u012bs Ibl\u012bs.<\/i>\u00a0N.p.\u00a0Page: 1098
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Sunan \u1e6cirmidh\u012b<\/i>. Qad\u012bm\u012b Kutub Kh\u0101nah. 2:78
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u0101mi\u2019a al-\u2018Ul\u016bm Wal-\u1e24ikm. <\/i>D\u0101r Ibn Kath\u012br. Page: 923
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Sunan Ibn M\u0101jah<\/i>. Qad\u012bm\u012b Kutub Kh\u0101nah. Page: 155
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Sharh Tiybi<\/i>. Maktabah Na\u1e93\u0101r Mustaf\u0101 al-B\u0101\u1e93. Page: 3337<\/span><\/p>\n

Mirq\u0101t al-Maf\u0101t\u012b\u1e25<\/i>. D\u0101r al-Ku\u1e6dub al-\u02bcIlmiyyah. 6:4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1e62\u016brah al-An\u2019\u0101m, \u0100yah: 90
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u1e6d\u1e25ul B\u0101ri<\/i>. D\u0101r Taybah. 5:529.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646 An Outstanding Model In the book, D\u012bw\u0101n \u1e24ass\u0101n ibn Th\u0101bi\u1e6d, it is mentioned that the…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[54,10,19,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-misc-research-articles","category-research-articles","category-sharhul-hadith","category-uncategorized","wpcat-54-id","wpcat-10-id","wpcat-19-id","wpcat-1-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3829"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3829\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiqhulislam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}