\n
Allah, Pure is He from all defects, mentions in the Qur\u0101n:<\/p>\n
\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0625\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0650 \u0631\u064e\u0636\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0636\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0648\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0650 \u062a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062f\u064e\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0632\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0638\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cThe forerunners from among the Immigrants and the Helpers, and those who follow them in goodness, All\u0101h is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him; He has prepared for them gardens under which rivers flow, which they will dwell in forever. That is the supreme success!\u201d1<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n In another place in the Qur\u0101n, All\u0101h states: \u201cMen whom commerce and buying do not distract from the remembrance of All\u0101h, establishment of \u1e63al\u0101h, and giving \u1e93ak\u0101h; they fear a day when hearts and gazes will be overturned.\u201d2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n In Tafs\u012br R\u016b\u1e25 al-Ma\u2019\u0101n\u012b <\/i>it is written that the literal meaning of this \u0101yah proves that they were merchants because it is not said that so-and-so isn\u2019t distracted by commerce unless he is a merchant.3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n The companions, epitomes of obedience to All\u0101h and His Messenger \ufdfa, also had jobs and professions. This is further illustrated through the words spoken by Ab\u016b Hurairah (May All\u0101h be pleased with him and the rest of the companions) when he explained how he could relate so many narrations of the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa:<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n \u201cIndeed, our brothers amongst the Immigrants were occupied by bargaining and selling in the markets and our brothers among the Helpers were occupied with their wealth (date palm fields4<\/sup><\/a>), but Ab\u016b Hurairah stuck to the Messenger of All\u0101h, content with what filled his stomach, and was present when they were not, and remembered what they did not.\u201d<\/span>5<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Besides being businessmen and farmers, there were tailors, carpenters, etc. amongst them.<\/span><\/p>\n (1)<\/strong> Dhim\u0101d ibn Th\u2019alabah (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) was a doctor<\/span><\/p>\n The great Tabi\u2019\u012b and exeget of the Qur\u0101n, Sa\u2019\u012bd Ibn Jubair (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) relates the following from his teacher Ibn \u2018Abb\u0101s (May All\u0101h be pleased with him): <\/span><\/p>\n \u201cDhim\u0101d ibn Th\u2019alabah (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) from Azd Shan\u016bah once came to Makkah. He used to practice exorcism\u00a0 <\/span>so when he heard some of the fools of Makkah saying that Mu\u1e25ammad \ufdfa was mad, he said, \u2018If I see this man perhaps All\u0101h will cure him at my hands.\u2019 When he did meet the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa, Dhim\u0101d said, \u2018O Mu\u1e25ammad! I exorcise these jin, and All\u0101h cures whomever He wishes at my hands. Do you need me to exorcise you?\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n The Messenger of All\u0101h replied,\u2019All praise is for All\u0101h. We praise Him and seek His assistance. Whomsoever He guides no one can misguide, and whomsoever He misguides none can guide. I testify that there is no God except All\u0101h alone, without any partners and that Mu\u1e25ammad is His slave and messenger. Thereafter\u2026\u2019<\/p>\n Dhim\u0101d said, \u2018Repeat these words of yours,\u2019 and the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa repeated them thrice. Dhim\u0101d then said, \u2018I have heard the speech of soothsayers, magicians, and poets, but I have not heard the like of these words of yours. They have pierced the depths of the ocean. Give me your hand [so that] I may accept Islam.\u2019 Then he took the pledge of allegiance.\u201d6<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Dhim\u0101d ibn Tha\u2019labah al-Azd\u012b (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) used to practice medicine, exorcism, and seek knowledge. He was a friend of the Prophet \ufdfa during the period of ignorance, and embraced Islam in the beginning phase.7<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n (2)<\/strong> A Tailor invites the Messenger of Allah<\/p>\n Is\u1e25\u0101q ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Tal\u1e25a reports that he heard Anas ibn M\u0101lik (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) say,\u201dOnce a tailor invited the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa to some food he had prepared, and I accompanied [him] to that food.\u201d8<\/sup><\/a> Ab\u016b al-\u1e24u\u1e63ain\/Al-\u1e24usain al-Sulam\u012b (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) once brought gold from his mine to the Prophet9<\/sup><\/a> \ufdfa.<\/span><\/p>\n (4)<\/strong> An An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) chops wood<\/span><\/p>\n Anas ibn M\u0101lik (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) relates that once an An\u1e63ar\u012b man came to the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa to ask him [for assistance]. He \ufdfa asked the Ansar, \u201cIsn\u2019t there anything in your house?\u201d The An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b replied, \u201cCertainly. [I have] a thick cloth, part of which we use as a bed and the other to cover us, and a wooden cup which we drink water from.\u201d The Prophet \ufdfa said, \u201cBring them to me.\u201d When the An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b brought them, the Prophet \ufdfa took them in his hands and asked10<\/sup><\/a>, \u201cWho will buy these<\/span>?\u201d One companion said, \u201cI will take them for a dirham!\u201d The Prophet \ufdfa said two or three times, \u201cWho will give more than a dirham?\u201d Another companion said, \u201cI will take them for two dirham!\u201d The Prophet \ufdfa gave the items to the man, took the two dirham and gave them to the An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b saying, \u201cUse one of them to buy food and give it to your family, and buy an axe with the other and bring it to me.\u201d When this was done, the Prophet \ufdfa used his own noble hands to tighten the handle and told the An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b, \u201cGo collect wood and sell it.\u201d11<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n (5)<\/strong> Maim\u016bn (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) makes a minbar<\/p>\n J\u0101bir ibn \u2018Abdull\u0101h reports that an Ans\u0101ri woman once asked the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa ,\u201dO Messenger of All\u0101h, shouldn\u2019t I make something for you to sit on? Because I have a slave12<\/sup><\/a> who is a carpenter.\u201d The Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa replied, \u201cIf you wish.\u201d She had the minbar made for him, and the Prophet \ufdfa sat on it for Jum\u2019ah.13<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n (6)<\/strong> Zainab bint Jahsh (May All\u0101h be pleased with her) dyes cloth<\/span><\/p>\n Our mother, Zainab bint Jahsh (May All\u0101h be pleased with her) was an artisan who would dye cloth and give what she earned in charity to the poor.14<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n (7)<\/strong> Salm\u0101n al-Khair (May Allah be pleased with him) is a weaver<\/p>\n Once some people came to see Salm\u0101n (May Allah be pleased with him) while he was the governor of a certain area. At the time he was busy weaving. One of them asked him, \u201cWhy are you doing this work when you are the governor and [your] sustenance comes to you?\u201d He replied, \u201cI love to eat from the work of my own hands.\u201d15<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n (8)<\/strong> \u2018\u0100ishah (May All\u0101h be pleased with her) describes the companions<\/p>\n \u2018Urwah16<\/sup><\/a>, [the nephew of \u2018\u0100ishah [May All\u0101h be pleased with her], narrates that once [his aunt] said, \u201cThe companions of the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa used to work due to which an odor would emanate from them.\u201d<\/span>17<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n ‘All\u0101mah \u2018Aiyn\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) writes in \u2018Umdah al-Q\u0101r\u012b<\/i>: This [not only] shows that the companions chose to earn a living by their own hands, [it also shows] their humility.18<\/sup><\/a> Work among those who came after the \u1e62a\u1e25\u0101bah<\/i> (May All\u0101h be pleased with them)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn Musayyib (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) Was An Olive Seller<\/b> He studied [with companions the likes of] \u2018Umar, \u2018Uthm\u0101n, \u2018Al\u012b, Sa\u2019d ibn Ab\u012b Waqq\u0101\u1e63, Ibn \u2018Abb\u0101s, Ibn \u2018Umar, Jubair Ibn Mut\u2019im, Abdullah Ibn Zaid ibn \u2018\u0100\u1e63im, Hak\u012bm ibn \u1e24iz\u0101m, Ab\u016b Hurairah, Mu\u2019\u0101wiyah, \u2018Abdull\u0101h ibn \u2018Amr ibn al-\u2018\u0100\u1e63, Ab\u016b M\u016bs\u0101 al-\u2018Ash\u0101r\u012b, \u1e62afw\u0101n ibn Umayyah and his father (May All\u0101h be pleased with them all), to name just a few. Amongst those who narrate from him were great T\u0101bi\u2019\u012bn like \u2018\u0100t\u0101 ibn Ab\u012b Rab\u0101\u1e2522<\/sup><\/a><\/span> (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), Mu\u1e25ammad al-B\u0101qir (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), \u2018Amr ibn D\u012bn\u0101r (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), and Al-\u1e92uhr\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), etc.<\/span><\/p>\n Qat\u0101dah (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) said, \u201cI have not seen anyone with more knowledge of the lawful and prohibited than Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn al-Musayyib,\u201d and \u2018Ali ibn al-Mad\u012bn\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) said, \u201cI don\u2019t know anyone among the T\u0101bi\u2019\u012bn with such vast knowledge as Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn al-Musayyib.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n Yahya Ibn Sa\u2019\u012bd said that Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn al-Musayyib hardly ever gave a fa\u1e6dw\u0101,<\/i> or said anything, <\/i>without praying: O All\u0101h, save me and save [people] from me.\u201d23<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n A\u1e25mad ibn \u2018Abdull\u0101h described Sa\u2019\u012bd as a pious jurist who would not take anything given to him. He further states that Sa\u2019\u012bd had four hundred d\u012bn\u0101r which he used to conduct business in olives.24<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n He studied with companions like Ab\u016b Hurairah, \u2018Abdull\u0101h ibn \u2018Umar, \u2018Abdull\u0101h ibn al-Zubair, \u2019Imr\u0101n ibn al-Hu\u1e63ain, and Anas ibn M\u0101lik (May All\u0101h be pleased with them all), and the great T\u0101b\u2019\u012b Shuraih al-Q\u0101dhi (May All\u0101h have mercy on him), etc.<\/p>\n Some of his students and people who narrate from him are: Qat\u0101dah, Ibn \u2018Awn, Yaz\u012bd ibn Ibr\u0101h\u012bm al-Tustar\u012b25<\/sup><\/a>, Sulaim\u0101n ibn al-Mugh\u012brah, etc.26<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Im\u0101m Dhahab\u012b writes that Muhammad ibn Jar\u012br al-Tabr\u012b described Ibn S\u012br\u012bn as a jurist, a scholar, [someone who was] very pious, courteous, having many narrations, and reliable. He further states that the people of knowledge and virtue testified that he was like that.27<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n He has a statement that is commonly quoted: \u201cThis knowledge is religion, so look at who you are taking your religion from.\u201d28<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n His student, Hish\u0101m ibn \u1e24ass\u0101n, said that Mu\u1e25ammad [Ibn S\u012br\u012bn] was a merchant, but if he became doubtful about anything he would leave it.29<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ab\u016b \u2018Aw\u0101nah states that he saw Ibn S\u012br\u012bn in the marketplace, and no one looked at him except that they would remember All\u0101h.30<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ab\u016b Shih\u0101b al-\u1e24an\u0101t relates on the authority of Hish\u0101m that once Ibn S\u012br\u012bn bought some merchandise and managed to get a profit of eighty-thousand from it, however some doubt entered his heart so he got rid of all of it.31<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n \u1e24af\u1e63ah, the daughter of Ibn S\u012br\u012bn, reports that her grandmother, [\u1e62afiyyah], was from Hij\u0101z and she really liked dyed cloth. Whenever Muhammad would buy cloth for her he would get the softest he could find. And on the day of \u2018\u012ad he would dye cloth for her. She further states that she never saw him raise his voice at [his mother].32<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ab\u016b Kudainah relates on the authority of Ibn \u2018Awn that whenever counterfeit or bad money would come into Ibn S\u012br\u012bn\u2019s possession he wouldn\u2019t buy anything with it, so when he died he had five hundred such coins in his possession.33<\/sup><\/a> Nu\u2019man Ibn Thabit (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) And His Business Partner<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n [Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah] Nu\u2019m\u0101n ibn Th\u0101bi\u1e6d was born during the Khil\u0101fah of Abdul-M\u0101lik ibn Marw\u0101n, 80 years after the Prophet\u2019s \ufdfa migration from Makkah. It is reported that he saw the companion Anas ibn M\u0101lik (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) more than once when he (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) would come to Kufah, [and hence he is a T\u0101bi\u2019\u012b]. He wouldn\u2019t accept a stipend from the Sult\u0101n, instead [choosing to] run a business and earn a living.34<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n He was the student of Hamm\u0101d ibn Ab\u012b Sulaim\u0101n, \u2018Ata ibn Ab\u012b Rab\u0101\u1e25, N\u0101fi\u2019 [the freed slave of Abdullah ibn Umar al-F\u0101r\u016bq (May All\u0101h be pleased with them)], \u2018Ikramah, Mans\u016br and many other T\u0101bi\u2019\u012bn (May All\u0101h have mercy on them all). Amongst his students and people who narrated from him are scholars like: Ab\u016b Y\u016bsuf al-Q\u0101dhi, Ab\u016b Mut\u012by\u2019 al-\u1e24akam ibn \u2018Abdull\u0101h al-Balkh\u012b, Asad ibn \u2018Amr al-Q\u0101dhi, Zakariyyah ibn Z\u0101\u2019idah,\u00a0 <\/span>Mis\u2019ar ibn Kid\u0101m, and Sufy\u0101n al-Thawr\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on them all).<\/span><\/p>\n Is\u1e25\u0101q ibn Ab\u016b Isr\u0101\u2019\u012bl relates that some people were talking about Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah in front of [Sufyan] Ibn \u2018Uyainah. A few of them started belittling him, and Sufyan said, \u201cStop! Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah made more salah than anyone, was more trustworthy than anyone, and was the best of them in generosity and chivalry.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n Mis\u2019ar relates, \u201cOnce I entered the masjid and saw a man performing salah. I found his recitation to be very sweet so I stopped [to listen]. When he finished one-seventh [of the Qur\u2019\u0101n], I said [to myself], \u201cHe will go into ruku\u2019 [now].\u201d [But he continued reciting until] he reached a third. I said [to myself], \u201cHe\u2019s going to make ruku\u2019.\u201d [But he kept reciting until] he reached half, and continued in this manner until he finished the entire Qur\u0101n in one rakah. When I looked I saw that [that man] was Ab\u016b Han\u012bfah.\u201d Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn Rustum al-Marwaz\u012b said, \u201cI heard H\u0101rijah ibn Mu\u1e63\u2019ab say: Four people from amongst the a\u2019immah [plural of im\u0101m: leader] finished the entire Qur\u0101n in one rakah: \u2018Uthm\u0101n ibn \u2018Aff\u0101n, Tam\u012bm al-D\u0101r\u012b, Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn Jubair, and Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah (May All\u0101h be pleased with them).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n \u2018Al\u012b ibn Haf\u1e63 al-Ba\u1e93\u1e93\u0101\u1e93 reports that \u1e24af\u1e63 ibn \u2018Abdur-Ra\u1e25m\u0101n was a business partner of Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah. Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah used to supply him [with goods]. Once he sent a message telling \u1e24af\u1e63 that a certain cloth had a defect so when he sold it should he should explain that [to the buyer]. Unfortunately, \u1e24af\u1e63 forgot and sold the cloth to a stranger without explaining about the defect. When Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfah came to know of this he gave all of his profit away in charity.35<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn Adham (May Allah have mercy on him) earns a living<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Ab\u016b al-Muthaffar ibn al-Qushair\u012b relates that Ibr\u0101h\u012bm had gone out to hunt and had stirred up a fox or rabbit which he was chasing when a voice called out to him, \u201cWere you created for this? Were you ordered [to do] this?\u201d Then a voice called out to him from the arch of his saddle, \u201cBy Allah, you were not created for this, nor were you ordered [to do] this.\u201d He got down from his horse and chanced upon his father\u2019s shepherd. He took the shepherd\u2019s woolen jubbah<\/i>, put it on, and gave the man his horse and whatever else he had, then he went out into the desert. Eventually he went to Makkah where he kept company with Sufy\u0101n al-Thawr\u012b and Fudhail ibn \u2018Iy\u0101dh. Later on he went to Syria and [eventually] he died there.<\/p>\n He used to eat from the effort of his own hands, harvesting, and watching over gardens, etc.38<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n He narrates from his father, as well as M\u0101lik ibn D\u012bn\u0101r, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Ziy\u0101d, the student of Ab\u016b Hurairah (May All\u0101h be pleased with him), Ab\u016b Ja\u2019far Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u2018Al\u012b, Sulaim\u0101n al-\u2018Amash, etc.39<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Amongst those who narrate from him are: Sufy\u0101n al-Thawr\u012b, Shaq\u012bq al-Balkh\u012b, Ibrah\u012bm ibn Bashshar al-Khuras\u0101ni, and others.40<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Khalf Ibn Tam\u012bm says that he once heard Ibr\u0101him ibn Adham saying, \u201cIt is not fitting for an individual to raise themselves above their capability, nor lower themselves below their real status.\u201d41<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Shaq\u012bq ibn Ibr\u0101h\u012bm al-Balkh\u012b relates: I have seen Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn Adham. A basket of figs was given to him as a gift once when the sun was close to setting. He distributed it amongst his neighbors and the jurists. Some of his companions enquired, \u201cDidn\u2019t you leave anything for us?\u201d He replied, \u201cAren\u2019t you fasting?\u201d They replied in the affirmative, and he said, \u201cGlory be to Allah! Don\u2019t you have any love? Don\u2019t you have any trust? Don\u2019t you fear the punishment of Allah for having bad thoughts about Him, and expecting to live until the evening? Trust in Allah and have good thoughts about what He has promised, because Allah has said:<\/p>\n \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062f \u0648\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0650 \u0628\u064e\u0627\u0642<\/span><\/p>\n \u2018What is with you will perish, and what is with Allah will remain.\u2019\u201d42<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n He died in the year 162 A.H.43<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n While describing him, Ali ibn Bakk\u0101r said, \u201cWhen he would work, he would sing:<\/p>\n \u2018Take Allah as your companion <\/span><\/p>\n And leave mankind to one side\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n He used to fast on journey and at home and did not sleep at night. When he would finish harvesting he would send some of his companions to settle up with the owner. They would bring the coins, but he wouldn\u2019t touch [them] with his hands, [instead] telling them, \u2018Go and eat what you desire with it.\u2019 When he wasn\u2019t harvesting, he would hire himself out to protect gardens and fields.\u201d44<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n On one occasion, Ali ibn Bakk\u0101r said, \u201cOnce Ibrahim ibn Adham was doing the harvesting of two men in that field,\u201d and he indicated with his hand towards the lower portion of Jay\u1e25\u0101n. \u201cClose to noon his companions took a siesta while he went into the city and bought rounded bread, milk, moist cheese, and dates. He put this one side, got some cold water, and then woke his companions. After they performed \u1e63al\u0101h, he brought the food and they ate it while he [continued] fasting.\u201d45<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n It is also related that he would do the work of ten men in a night and then take a din\u0101r as his wages.46<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n \n \nSheikh al-Isl\u0101m, Im\u0101m, H\u0101fidh, the chief of the Ulam\u0101, Ab\u016b Abdull\u0101h Sufy\u0101n ibn Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn Masr\u016bq al-K\u016bf\u012b al-Thawr\u012b was born in the year 97 A.H during the caliphate of Sulaim\u0101n ibn Abdul-M\u0101lik. He began his pursuit of knowledge at a young age under the care of his father, the mu\u1e25addith, Sa\u2019\u012bd ibn Masr\u016bq al-Thawr\u012b who was a companion of Sh\u2019ab\u012b and Khaithamah ibn Abdurrahm\u0101n. He was an im\u0101m in the science of \u1e25ad\u012bth, as well as other islamic sciences, a muj\u1e6dahid and authored the book al-J\u0101mi\u2019. There is consensus of opinion on his religiousness, piety, asceticism, and reliability. He died in Ba\u1e63ra in the year 161 A.H.47<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Amongst those whom he narrates from and who narrate from him are the following:<\/span><\/p>\n Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u2018Ijl\u0101n, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Is\u1e25\u0101q, \u2018Abdullah ibn Mub\u0101rak, Ibr\u0101h\u012bm Ibn Adham, \u1e24amza al-\u1e92ayya\u1e6d, J\u2019afar al-\u1e62\u0101diq, \u1e24am\u0101d ibn Salamah, Sulaim\u0101n al-\u2018Amash, Sufy\u0101n ibn \u2018Uyainah, al-Awz\u0101\u2019\u012b, Fudhail ibn \u2018Iy\u0101dh, Ab\u016b Han\u012bfah, and Waki\u2019a ibn al-Jarra\u1e25.48<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ibn \u1e24umaid reports that he heard Mihr\u0101n al-R\u0101z\u012b saying, \u201cI had written Sufy\u0101n\u2019s compilations which he had dictated but I lost the book on blood money. I mentioned that to him and he told me to remind him about it when he was free so he could dictate it to me. When he went to perform \u1e24\u0101j, I reminded him [after he had performed taw\u0101f and sa\u2019\u012b, and was laying down]. He started dictating the book to me, one chapter after another, until he finished the entire book from memory.\u201d49<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn Mu\u1e25ammad al-Sh\u0101fi\u2019\u012b says that he once asked Abdull\u0101h ibn Mub\u0101rak, \u201cHave you seen anyone like Sufy\u0101n?\u201d Ibn Mub\u0101rak replied, \u201cHas he seen the like of himself?\u201d50<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n One night Sufy\u0101n ate to his fill. He said, \u201cWhen a donkey is given more fodder he works more,\u201d then he stood up in \u1e63al\u0101h until the morning.51<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n Ibn Mahd\u012b states that they used to sleep majority of the night, but when Sufy\u0101n came to stay with them they only slept a very small portion of it.52<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n A\u1e25mad ibn Y\u016bnus relates that he can\u2019t count the number of times he heard Sufy\u0101n supplicating:<\/p>\n \u0627\u064e\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0627\u064e\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0652\u0632\u064f\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0622\u062e\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/p>\n [O Allah, safety! Safety! O Allah, grant us safety and well-being in the world and the Hereafter.]53<\/sup><\/a> Once Sufy\u0101n took some money and presents from one of the governors, but later on he wouldn\u2019t accept anything from anyone. He used to go to Yemen, engage in trade and distribute whatever he had amongst his companions as an investment. Every year, during the \u1e24\u0101j season, he would meet them, settle up his accounts and take possession of his profits.54<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n During his life he traveled to Makkah, Mad\u012bnah, Syria, Yemen, Kufah, Basra, etc. He studied with Sufyan ibn \u2018Uyainah, Ibr\u0101him ibn Sa\u2019d, Yahya al-Qatt\u0101n, Abdur-Razz\u0101q, etc. Amongst those who narrate from him are his own teacher, Abdur-Razz\u0101q, Yaz\u012bd ibn H\u0101r\u016bn, \u2018Al\u012b ibn al-Mad\u012bn\u012b, Bukh\u0101r\u012b, Muslim, Ab\u016b Daw\u016bd, Ibn Ab\u012b al-Dunya, Baq\u012b ibn Makhlad al-Andalus\u012b, etc.<\/p>\n Al-Rab\u012b\u2019a ibn Sulaim\u0101n once mentioned that [Im\u0101m] Sh\u0101f\u2019\u012b [May All\u0101h have mercy on him] said, \u201cA\u1e25mad is an Im\u0101m in eight things: Hadith, Islamic jurisprudence, language, the Qur\u0101n, poverty, asceticism, piety, and the sunnah.\u201d55<\/sup><\/a> One day <\/b>Ali ibn Jahm told \u2018Abdull\u0101h ibn A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal that he had had a neighbor who once pulled out a book and asked if we recognized the handwriting. We replied, \u201cYes, this is the handwriting of A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal. How did you end up with it?\u201d He said, \u201cWe were in Makkah with Sufy\u0101n ibn \u2018Uyainah and didn’t see A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal for a number of days. When we inquired about his whereabouts, the people told us that he was in such-and-such place. We went there and found a threadbare covering over the door. \u201cO Ab\u016b \u2018Abdull\u0101h!\u201d I called, \u201cWhat\u2019s going on? Why haven\u2019t we seen you for days?\u201d He replied [from inside], \u201cMy clothes were stolen.\u201d I told him that I had some silver coins with me and that if he wished he could take it as a loan or a gift, but he refused to take it. I then asked if he would write something for me in exchange for a wage and he agreed.\u00a0 <\/span>I took out the silver coins but he refused to take them, saying, \u201cBuy me a cloth and cut it in half,\u201d indicating to me that he would use half as an i\u1e93\u0101r<\/i> and the other half as an upper garment. He also directed me to bring him whatever remained. I did as I was instructed, as well as bringing some pages. He wrote something for me and this is his handwriting.56<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
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\n<\/span> \u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0639 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0630\u0650\u0643\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0629\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0629\u0650 \u064a\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0628\u064f \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n
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\n(3)<\/strong> Ab\u016b al-\u1e24usain\/al-\u1e24u\u1e63ain al-Sulam\u012b (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) and his mine<\/p>\n
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\nSa\u2019\u012bd ibn al-Musayyib19<\/sup><\/a><\/span> ibn \u1e24azan ibn Ab\u012b Wahb ibn \u2018Amr ibn \u2018\u0100idh ibn \u2018Imr\u0101n ibn Makhzum ibn Yaqdhah ibn Murrah ibn Ka\u2019b ibn Lu\u2019ay ibn Gh\u0101lib al-Quraishi al-Makhz\u016bm\u012b [d. 94 Hijri] was the Im\u0101m of the T\u0101bi\u2019\u012bn, and one of the seven jurists of Mad\u012bnah20<\/sup><\/a><\/span>. His father and grandfather were both companions of the Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa who embraced Isl\u0101m on the day that Makkah was conquered. Sa\u2019\u012bd was born during the Khil\u0101fah of \u2018Umar ibn al-Khatt\u0101b21<\/sup><\/a><\/span>, and was the son-in-law of Ab\u016b Hurairah (May All\u0101h be pleased with him). <\/span><\/p>\n
\nMu\u1e25ammad ibn S\u012br\u012bn (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) was a cloth merchant<\/b><\/p>\n
\n<\/b>Ab\u016b Bakr Mu\u1e25ammad ibn S\u012br\u012bn al-An\u1e63\u0101r\u012b al-Ba\u1e63r\u012b\u2019s father was the ex-slave of Anas ibn M\u0101lik (May All\u0101h be pleased with him), and his mother, \u1e62afiyyah, used to belong to Ab\u016b Bakr al-\u1e62idd\u012bq (May All\u0101h be pleased with him). One of the jurists of Ba\u1e63rah and an interpreter of dreams, he was a short statured individual with a large belly and a part in his hair. He was given to laughing and joking, but when death was mentioned his demeanor would change. He used to fast every other day, and was never seen to have raised his voice above his mothers. He died on Jumah, the 9th of Shaww\u0101l in the year 110 A.H.<\/p>\n
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\nAb\u016b Ish\u0101q Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn Adham ibn Mans\u016br ibn Yaz\u012bd ibn J\u0101bir the Im\u0101m, chief of the ascetics, and exemplar lived in Syria, but was born in Makkah as his mother was pregnant with him when his parents went for \u1e24\u0101j. His father had a lot of wealth and servants. Once Ibr\u0101h\u012bm was on a hunt, racing along on his horse when a voice addressed him from above, \u201cO Ibr\u0101h\u012bm, what is this frivolous play? Do you all think that We created you for nothing36<\/sup><\/a><\/span>? Fear Allah, and take up your provision for the day of privation.\u201d He got down from his animal and abandoned the world.37<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
\nSufy\u0101n al-Thawr\u012b (May Allah have mercy on him) invests his money<\/b><\/p>\n
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\nAn Incident from the Life of Im\u0101m A\u1e25mad (May All\u0101h have mercy on him)<\/b><\/p>\n
\n<\/b>Ab\u016b \u2018Abdull\u0101h <\/b>A\u1e25mad ibn Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u1e24anbal ibn Hil\u0101l ibn Asad al-Shaib\u0101n\u012b (May All\u0101h have mercy on him) was born in Rab\u012b\u2019 al-Awwal of the year 164 Hijr\u012b and died the morning of Jum\u2019ah on the 12th of Rab\u012b\u2019 al-Awwal, 241 Hijr\u012b. He was buried in Baghdad.<\/b><\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n